Ring-billed Gull
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Common Name:Ring-billed Gull
Class:Aves
Order:Charadriiformes
Family:Laridae
Larus
Species:Larus
delawarensis
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Photo: Kyle Horton |
Ring-billed Gulls are in
the order Charadriiformes which consists of other
shorebirds. The family Laridae groups them together with
other gulls. Ring-billed Gulls are a fairly common
species of gull. They are 17.5 inches (45 cm) in size
with a 48 inch (122cm) wingspan. This larger wingspan
allows for their superb flight abilities. They are monochromatic which means that
males and females are similar in appearance. During the
breeding season, adults have a bright yellow bill with a
complete black ring around it and also yellow legs.
Their neck, breast and belly are white and they have a
gray mantle and upperwings. Their primary feathers are
black and have white tips. During the winter season, they
have thin dark streaks around their head. Ring-billed
Gulls are similar to Herring Gulls, but smaller in size. Ring-billed Gulls take 3
years to reach full maturity. Juveniles have a black
bill that have a pale base. Their head, breast, belly
and back are pale with light brown scalloping. They have
dark outer primaries and dark upperwing coverts with
white edging. First-year Ring-billed Gulls have a pink
bill with a black tip and pink legs. Their head, neck
and upper breast are white streaked with brown. Their
primary feathers are black and their secondary feathers
are pale-gray. The second-years look like adults during
the winter season. Many times, their bill is yellow with
a black tip, their primary feathers are dark and they
have a partial dark band on their tail.

Photo: M. Noonan
Ring-billed Gulls breed in southern
and central Canada. They winter to the southern United States, along
the coast of the United States and into parts of Mexico. Ring-billed
Gulls can be found in the Great Lakes Region year-round. They are
found around many habitats surrounding water such as: lakes, coasts,
bays and piers. They will also be seen around dumps, fast-food
restaurants, sewage outlets, shopping malls and agricultural fields.
They will eat a variety of foods
including: fish, insects, worms, rodents and bird eggs. In the
winter they will eat garbage. They will forage by picking items up
from the surface of the soil, sand etc. They will also forage by
diving for items that are close to the surface of the water.

Photo: M. Noonan
During courtship displays of the
Ring-billed Gulls, they will face each other while one of them
lowers their head and flattens their crown. Then the pair will
alternatively circle each other while raising their heads and
calling. Next, the female usually assumes the "submissive" hunched
stance. Ring-billed Gulls are monogamous and have one brood per
year. Polygyny does occur, but it accounts for less than 1% of nests
in larger colonies.
They nest colonially and will occasionally
associate with California Gulls, terns and cormorants. Both sexes
will build the nest which are usually open or concealed and among
rocks on vegetation. They may be lined with fine grass or feathers.
The female will lay 2-4 buffy white eggs marked with brown and both
sexes will incubate them for the 21 day period. Nests with 4 eggs
are usually a result of polygyny. The development of the young is
semiprecocial which means they are mobile, remain at the nest
and are fed. The young will reach their adult plumage after 3 years.
Many times their will be a mate change with a nest neighbor from
the previous year because of a strong nest site tenacity.

Photo: M. Noonan
Ring-billed Gulls are extremely
common. They can been seen around the Niagara River, Lake Erie,
shopping malls and fast-food restaurants during any time of year in the Western New York
Region.

P hoto: Skyler Dobert
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