Elephants eat such
coarse vegetation, they need enormous teeth for grinding up their
food. They possess single upper and lower molars on each side of
their jaw that are about 3 inches wide and 6 inches long!
Jaw section of elephant skull, showing upper and lower molars
However, even these teeth have a limit. Over many
years, the rough vegetation gradually wears them down, and
they break apart and fall out. When this happens, new
teeth which have been developing at the back of the jaw move
forward to take their place. It’s a bit like adult
teeth taking the place of baby teeth in humans.
However, in elephants the new teeth come from the back, not
underneath. And, more significantly, the process
repeats itself up to five times over the course of an
elephant’s lifetime. This is one of the many
adaptations that allow elephants to live very long lives.